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  <div class="section" id="module-calendar">
<span id="calendar-general-calendar-related-functions"></span><h1>8.2. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">calendar</span></tt></a> &#8212; General calendar-related functions<a class="headerlink" href="#module-calendar" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/calendar.py">Lib/calendar.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>This module allows you to output calendars like the Unix <strong class="program">cal</strong> program,
and provides additional useful functions related to the calendar. By default,
these calendars have Monday as the first day of the week, and Sunday as the last
(the European convention). Use <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></tt></a> to set the first day of
the week to Sunday (6) or to any other weekday.  Parameters that specify dates
are given as integers. For related
functionality, see also the <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">time</span></tt></a> modules.</p>
<p>Most of these functions and classes rely on the <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime</span></tt></a> module which
uses an idealized calendar, the current Gregorian calendar indefinitely extended
in both directions.  This matches the definition of the &#8220;proleptic Gregorian&#8221;
calendar in Dershowitz and Reingold&#8217;s book &#8220;Calendrical Calculations&#8221;, where
it&#8217;s the base calendar for all computations.</p>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">Calendar</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>firstweekday</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Creates a <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></tt></a> object. <em>firstweekday</em> is an integer specifying the
first day of the week. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> is Monday (the default), <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">6</span></tt> is Sunday.</p>
<p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></tt></a> object provides several methods that can be used for
preparing the calendar data for formatting. This class doesn&#8217;t do any formatting
itself. This is the job of subclasses.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></tt></a> instances have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.iterweekdays">
<tt class="descname">iterweekdays</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.iterweekdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return an iterator for the week day numbers that will be used for one
week.  The first value from the iterator will be the same as the value of
the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.firstweekday" title="calendar.firstweekday"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">firstweekday</span></tt></a> property.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates">
<tt class="descname">itermonthdates</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> (1-12) in the year <em>year</em>. This
iterator will return all days (as <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></tt></a> objects) for the
month and all days before the start of the month or after the end of the
month that are required to get a complete week.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays2">
<tt class="descname">itermonthdays2</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays2" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> in the year <em>year</em> similar to
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">itermonthdates()</span></tt></a>. Days returned will be tuples consisting of a day
number and a week day number.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays">
<tt class="descname">itermonthdays</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> in the year <em>year</em> similar to
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">itermonthdates()</span></tt></a>. Days returned will simply be day numbers.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdatescalendar">
<tt class="descname">monthdatescalendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdatescalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full
weeks.  Weeks are lists of seven <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></tt></a> objects.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdays2calendar">
<tt class="descname">monthdays2calendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdays2calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full
weeks.  Weeks are lists of seven tuples of day numbers and weekday
numbers.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdayscalendar">
<tt class="descname">monthdayscalendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdayscalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full
weeks.  Weeks are lists of seven day numbers.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar">
<tt class="descname">yeardatescalendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>width</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting. The return
value is a list of month rows. Each month row contains up to <em>width</em>
months (defaulting to 3). Each month contains between 4 and 6 weeks and
each week contains 1&#8211;7 days. Days are <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></tt></a> objects.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardays2calendar">
<tt class="descname">yeardays2calendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>width</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardays2calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting (similar to
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">yeardatescalendar()</span></tt></a>). Entries in the week lists are tuples of day
numbers and weekday numbers. Day numbers outside this month are zero.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardayscalendar">
<tt class="descname">yeardayscalendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>width</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardayscalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting (similar to
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">yeardatescalendar()</span></tt></a>). Entries in the week lists are day numbers. Day
numbers outside this month are zero.</p>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<dl class="class">
<dt id="calendar.TextCalendar">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">TextCalendar</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>firstweekday</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This class can be used to generate plain text calendars.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></tt></a> instances have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth">
<tt class="descname">formatmonth</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a month&#8217;s calendar in a multi-line string. If <em>w</em> is provided, it
specifies the width of the date columns, which are centered. If <em>l</em> is
given, it specifies the number of lines that each week will use. Depends
on the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></tt></a> method.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.prmonth">
<tt class="descname">prmonth</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.prmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Print a month&#8217;s calendar as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth" title="calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatmonth()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear">
<tt class="descname">formatyear</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>c</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>m</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a <em>m</em>-column calendar for an entire year as a multi-line string.
Optional parameters <em>w</em>, <em>l</em>, and <em>c</em> are for date column width, lines per
week, and number of spaces between month columns, respectively. Depends on
the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the
<a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></tt></a> method.  The earliest year for which a calendar
can be generated is platform-dependent.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.pryear">
<tt class="descname">pryear</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>c</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>m</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.pryear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Print the calendar for an entire year as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear" title="calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatyear()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<dl class="class">
<dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">HTMLCalendar</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>firstweekday</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This class can be used to generate HTML calendars.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="calendar.HTMLCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">HTMLCalendar</span></tt></a> instances have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatmonth">
<tt class="descname">formatmonth</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>withyear</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a month&#8217;s calendar as an HTML table. If <em>withyear</em> is true the year
will be included in the header, otherwise just the month name will be
used.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyear">
<tt class="descname">formatyear</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>width</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a year&#8217;s calendar as an HTML table. <em>width</em> (defaulting to 3)
specifies the number of months per row.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyearpage">
<tt class="descname">formatyearpage</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>width</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>css</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>encoding</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyearpage" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a year&#8217;s calendar as a complete HTML page. <em>width</em> (defaulting to
3) specifies the number of months per row. <em>css</em> is the name for the
cascading style sheet to be used. <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt></a> can be passed if no style
sheet should be used. <em>encoding</em> specifies the encoding to be used for the
output (defaulting to the system default encoding).</p>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<dl class="class">
<dt id="calendar.LocaleTextCalendar">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">LocaleTextCalendar</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>firstweekday</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>locale</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.LocaleTextCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></tt></a> can be passed a locale name in the
constructor and will return month and weekday names in the specified locale.
If this locale includes an encoding all strings containing month and weekday
names will be returned as unicode.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="class">
<dt id="calendar.LocaleHTMLCalendar">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">LocaleHTMLCalendar</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>firstweekday</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>locale</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.LocaleHTMLCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="calendar.HTMLCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">HTMLCalendar</span></tt></a> can be passed a locale name in the
constructor and will return month and weekday names in the specified
locale. If this locale includes an encoding all strings containing month and
weekday names will be returned as unicode.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatweekday()</span></tt> and <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatmonthname()</span></tt> methods of these two
classes temporarily change the current locale to the given <em>locale</em>.  Because
the current locale is a process-wide setting, they are not thread-safe.</p>
</div>
<p>For simple text calendars this module provides the following functions.</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.setfirstweekday">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">setfirstweekday</tt><big>(</big><em>weekday</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Sets the weekday (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> is Monday, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">6</span></tt> is Sunday) to start each week. The
values <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">MONDAY</span></tt>, <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">TUESDAY</span></tt>, <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">WEDNESDAY</span></tt>, <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">THURSDAY</span></tt>,
<tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">FRIDAY</span></tt>, <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">SATURDAY</span></tt>, and <tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">SUNDAY</span></tt> are provided for
convenience. For example, to set the first weekday to Sunday:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">calendar</span>
<span class="n">calendar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setfirstweekday</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calendar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SUNDAY</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.firstweekday">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">firstweekday</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.firstweekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the current setting for the weekday to start each week.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.isleap">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">isleap</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.isleap" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#True" title="True"><tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt></a> if <em>year</em> is a leap year, otherwise <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#False" title="False"><tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.leapdays">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">leapdays</tt><big>(</big><em>y1</em>, <em>y2</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.leapdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the number of leap years in the range from <em>y1</em> to <em>y2</em> (exclusive),
where <em>y1</em> and <em>y2</em> are years.</p>
<p class="versionchanged">
<span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.0: </span>This function didn&#8217;t work for ranges spanning a century change in Python
1.5.2.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.weekday">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">weekday</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em>, <em>day</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.weekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the day of the week (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> is Monday) for <em>year</em> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1970</span></tt>&#8211;...),
<em>month</em> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt>&#8211;<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">12</span></tt>), <em>day</em> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt>&#8211;<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">31</span></tt>).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.weekheader">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">weekheader</tt><big>(</big><em>n</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.weekheader" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a header containing abbreviated weekday names. <em>n</em> specifies the width in
characters for one weekday.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.monthrange">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">monthrange</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.monthrange" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns weekday of first day of the month and number of days in month,  for the
specified <em>year</em> and <em>month</em>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.monthcalendar">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">monthcalendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.monthcalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a matrix representing a month&#8217;s calendar.  Each row represents a week;
days outside of the month a represented by zeros. Each week begins with Monday
unless set by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.prmonth">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">prmonth</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.prmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Prints a month&#8217;s calendar as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.month" title="calendar.month"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">month()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.month">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">month</tt><big>(</big><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>w</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>l</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a month&#8217;s calendar in a multi-line string using the <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatmonth()</span></tt>
of the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></tt></a> class.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.prcal">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">prcal</tt><big>(</big><em>year[, w[, l[c]]]</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.prcal" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Prints the calendar for an entire year as returned by  <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">calendar()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.calendar">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">calendar</tt><big>(</big><em>year[, w[, l[c]]]</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a 3-column calendar for an entire year as a multi-line string using the
<tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">formatyear()</span></tt> of the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></tt></a> class.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="calendar.timegm">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">timegm</tt><big>(</big><em>tuple</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.timegm" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An unrelated but handy function that takes a time tuple such as returned by the
<tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">gmtime()</span></tt> function in the <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">time</span></tt></a> module, and returns the corresponding
Unix timestamp value, assuming an epoch of 1970, and the POSIX encoding.  In
fact, <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#time.gmtime" title="time.gmtime"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">time.gmtime()</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.timegm" title="calendar.timegm"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">timegm()</span></tt></a> are each others&#8217; inverse.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">calendar</span></tt></a> module exports the following data attributes:</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="calendar.day_name">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">day_name</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.day_name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An array that represents the days of the week in the current locale.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="calendar.day_abbr">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">day_abbr</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.day_abbr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An array that represents the abbreviated days of the week in the current locale.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="calendar.month_name">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">month_name</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month_name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An array that represents the months of the year in the current locale.  This
follows normal convention of January being month number 1, so it has a length of
13 and  <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">month_name[0]</span></tt> is the empty string.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="calendar.month_abbr">
<tt class="descclassname">calendar.</tt><tt class="descname">month_abbr</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month_abbr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An array that represents the abbreviated months of the year in the current
locale.  This follows normal convention of January being month number 1, so it
has a length of 13 and  <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">month_abbr[0]</span></tt> is the empty string.</p>
</dd></dl>

<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime</span></tt></a></dt>
<dd>Object-oriented interface to dates and times with similar functionality to the
<a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">time</span></tt></a> module.</dd>
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">time</span></tt></a></dt>
<dd>Low-level time related functions.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>


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